Literal vs actual meaning: when foreign swearing gets weird

Translate a swear word word-for-word and you often get something baffling. That gap is where the fun lives.

Translate a swear word literally and you'll often end up somewhere strange — a barnyard, a bakery, a family tree. The literal sense and the conversational punch are frequently miles apart.

Each of these is a real catalogue entry with both its literal gloss and what it actually means in use.

  1. 1
    μαλάκας 3/5 · Vulgar

    malákas

    Literally “wanker”. Insult for a jerk or fool; familiar address among some friends. Tone and relationship strongly affect force.

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  2. 2
    cabrón 4/5 · Strong

    Literally “male goat”. Strong insult roughly like bastard; sometimes admiring or friendly. Use and force vary across countries; familiarity matters.

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  3. 3
    merde 3/5 · Vulgar

    Literally “excrement”. Shit; frustration, surprise or a description of poor quality. Also used to wish performers luck; not every occurrence is an insult.

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  4. 4
    cacasotto 3/5 · Vulgar

    Literally “person who soils themselves”. Insult for a coward. Figurative fear-related insult.

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  5. 5
    개뿔 2/5 · Coarse

    gaeppul

    Literally “dog horn”. Contemptuous word for something worthless; also dismisses a claim as nonsense. Often rejects an exaggerated claim.

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  6. 6
    merda 3/5 · Vulgar

    Literally “excrement”. Shit; exclamation or something of poor quality. Used in Portugal and Brazil; pronunciation varies.

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  7. 7
    بيضان 3/5 · Vulgar

    bidan

    Literally “testicles”. Vulgar Egyptian word used for annoying or tedious things. Not a general standard-Arabic adjective.

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  8. 8
    blbost 1/5 · Mild

    Literally “stupidity”. Nonsense or a stupid thing. Mild dismissive word.

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  9. 9
    fanden 3/5 · Vulgar

    Literally “the devil”. Oath or exclamation. Also literal religious noun.

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  10. 10
    Affenarsch 3/5 · Vulgar

    Literally “monkey arse”. Coarse comic personal insult. Not a racial term by itself; context can change use.

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